(2019) 2 Visn. Nac. akad. prokur. Ukr. 82–96
https://doi.org/10.34285/visnyknapu2019.02.082
Title of the article Criminalistics Research of Hand-held Small Arms
Author(s) OLEKSANDR IZOTOV
PhD in Law, Docent, lecturer, department of initial and continuous training of military prosecutors, Institute for Continuing Professional Development, National Prosecution Academy of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, alex.izprok@gmail.com
Short title
of the journal (ISSN)		 Visn. Nac. akad. prokur. Ukr.
Year 2019
Issue 2
Pages [82–96]
Language Ukrainian
Abstract The illicit circulation of small arms in Ukraine in 2013–2019 has significantly increased compared to previous years, with the main source of illegal supplies being theft from warehouses. According to official figures, this weapon either was destroyed or lawfully sold out, but it is clear that its part also appeared on the black market.
Finding ways of illegal distribution of weapons and ammunition is complicated by it, since stockpiles of weapons in the countries of the former Soviet Union (including Ukraine) are similar, which complicates the evidentiary identification and identification of its sources of supply.
Most of the seized items are cartridges for manual small arms. More and more frequently there are cartridges of new specimens, specially designed and manufactured for execution of combat tasks – increased power, tracing, armor-fi ring, etc. This leads to an increase in the number and variety of objects for which forensic examinations are imposed in criminal proceedings.
The article states that, despite a significant number of scientific works devoted to the study of cartridges of small arms, mainly ballistic qualities and trashological characteristics of already shot ammunition were analyzed and little attention was paid to the study of non-used cartridges, not damaged and seized during investigative actions, although they are the carriers of a valuable for investigation, criminologically important information, for example, about the design features of sleeves and bullets, the manufacturer of ammunition, the date of development, the appointment of a patron ets.
The purpose of the article is to analyze the possibilities that are often left out of the attention of the subjects of the investigation, in particular, the study of capsule cartridges, which determine not only the ballistic characteristics of the cartridges, but also the very ability to implement the shot.
Also, the significance of all components and their influence on the final tactical and technical characteristics of the cartridge, the comparatively different methods of research of cartridges, are considered in detail. The constructive parameters of the most common capsules in Ukraine – Berdan and Boxer systems and their fillers, that is, shock compositions from a mixture of different chemicals, are analyzed.
It is concluded that in the course of forensic investigations of cartridges that are not shot (not used) and seized during the conduct of investigative actions, it is possible to establish an important information for investigation. However, in Ukraine, today there are no uniform methods of examining cartridges, especially new types of small arms. The most complete and important information can be obtained only by using different methods, such as direct exploration of ammunition, as well as trashology, dactyloscopic, physical and chemical. That is, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive examination, the leading role in which is forensic ballistics.
Keywords cartridge of small arms; the method of forensic research; capsule cartridge; impact capsule container.
References REFERENCES
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